Project

UPSCALE – Upscaling perovskite solar cells from atomic to living environments

The project develops advanced computer models that can analyze and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells – from how the materials behave at the atomic level to how entire buildings perform.

This is a CETP Project

Timeline: November 2025 – October 2028

Swedish coordinator: Linköping University

Contact: Feng Gao, feng.gao@liu.se

Swedish Energy Agency’s project number: P2025-03049

Description

Perovskite-based solar cells have emerged as a highly promising technology for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), combining power conversion efficiencies exceeding 26% with compatibility for scalable printing processes. Their low-temperature fabrication (<150 °C) and potential for material recyclability further enhance their suitability for sustainable deployment in the built environment.

Despite these advantages, significant challenges remain in achieving long-term operational stability, reliable large-scale manufacturing, and environmental sustainability at the module and system levels.

This project aims to develop a novel and comprehensive multiscale computational framework that integrates insights across four interconnected scales – atomistic, cell, module, and building – to enable predictive design and performance optimization. The framework will be employed to guide the fabrication and demonstration of a highly stable and efficient BIPV system tailored for real-world urban environments.

The expected outcomes will strengthen the commercialization readiness of perovskite photovoltaics and deliver practical tools for industrial stakeholders, facilitating the broad adoption of perovskite BIPV technologies across sectors.

Participants

The project participants include Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of the Built Environment (coordination) and Department of Applied Physics, Software for Chemistry & Materials B.V. (SCM), LinXole AB, National Research Council of Italy and Caresilk.

The Swedish Energy Agency finances the participation of the Swedish partners in the project, namely Linköping University and LinXole AB.

A project within Clean Energy Transition Partnership, CETP

The project originates from the 2024 call within CETP, a multilateral and strategic partnership between national and regional research, development, and innovation programs in the EU Member States and associated countries. Its purpose is to promote and accelerate the energy transition and support the implementation of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan).